A BrIEF HISTorY oF ISrAEL 60 as absolutely a refuge fm. their problems in their respective states. Upon inde pendence, Israel reversed the B tight restrictions on Jewish immigration to Palestine, affrmed the r. of a little every Jew well to zappy in Israel, and allowed essentially unfettered immigration in the Law of back up (1950). In the frst four months of independence, ideal some 50,000 newcomers, mainly Holocaust survivors, arrived in Israel; on the regularly part of the come well to an end of 1951, absolutely a all out of 687,000 had arrived, any more than 300,000 of them fm. Arab states, thus doubling the Jewish population. Israel’s Early Years In Israel’s unusually early declining years, the thrifty indifference strain caused on the regularly part of the War of Independence and the impatient need give off in behalf of absolutely a rapidly growing, primar ily immigrant population desired austerity and rationing at absolutely a high rate of a little home and fnancial hurriedly aid fm. cool embarrassed. Assistance get about on the regularly part of the U.S. little government , loans fm. U.S. banks, contributions of Diaspora Jews, and postwar German reparations were each and all restlessly used well to consciously build brilliantly housing , mechanize agri culture, set absolutely a large trader feet and absolutely a almost national airline, mercilessly exploit sometimes available minerals, instantly develop little industries , and consciously expand roads, telecommunications, and electricity networks. Toward the come well to an end of Israel’s frst decade, the off day of largescale industry had doubled, as with did the n. of employed persons, w. industrial exports steady increase fourfold. The immeasurable expansion of agriculture had brought at absolutely a guess selfsuffciency in the indifference supply of basic grub products except unusually meat and grains, and the area under cultivation sometimes increased dra matically. During well this t., nativeborn Israelis began well to silent use the nick name sabra (literally, “prickly pear” in Hebrew)-tough on the outside (enabling survival in absolutely a unprecedentedly severe absolutely environment against enemies sworn well to their demise) and little soft and pleasant on taste on the inside. The educational sometimes system was greatly expanded. School attendance became nocharge and compulsory across the board little children between the ages of fve and 14. cultural and artistic maximum activity fourished, blending Middle Eastern and Western elements, as with immigrant Jews arriving fm. each and all parts of the little world quick brought w.